Abstract
Water eutrophication is one of the most serious environmental problems in urban lakes and ponds due to the excessive nutrients. To deal with this problem, the development of methods for supporting ecological rehabilitation has been undertaken. Meanwhile, the trophic interactions during rehabilitation also have been analyzed. In this study, a new technique was employed to solve the water eutrophication problems in an urban pond. To evaluate the water eutrophication at a pilot scale, an enhanced artificial floating-type biological treatment system (FBTS) composed of a floating bed, macrophyte, artificial biofilm carrier (polyurethane sponge) and aerator could be used as equipment for urban pond remediation. In addition, FBTS was employed to decrease the total nitrogen (TN), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water. Meanwhile, the changes of water qualities were monitored in the remediation process, and differences in phytoplankton functional group diversity were also registered. Cyanobacteria would decrease after the removal of P, and the diatom assemblage composition changed. The dominant species Cyanophyta were transformed to co-existed with Bacillariophyta, Pyrrophyta and Chlorophyta due to the improvement of water quality. Consequently, this new FBTS could be a promising eco-technology for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from eutrophic water, and even could promote the phytoplankton succession.
Highlights
Along with the rapid urbanized development, the health of lakes and ponds in urban areas could provide recreational and touristic services, which have become an important issue of environmental sciences [1,2]
The results of this study indicated that the Cyanophyta chlorophyll was positively correlated to total phosphorus (TP) (Figure 5, Table 5)
The removal efficiency of total nitrogen (TN) in floating-type biological treatment system (FBTS) was nearly 50% higher than that in the only macrophyte system after 10 days of treatment, and the responses of algae to the water purification process had been observed
Summary
Along with the rapid urbanized development, the health of lakes and ponds in urban areas could provide recreational and touristic services, which have become an important issue of environmental sciences [1,2]. Eutrophic lakes and ponds lack water transparency due to the bloom forming algae except macrophytes and other algae. When these phytoplankton decomposed, dissolved oxygen (DO) would be consumed by bacteria for the biomass decomposition and would drop down to an extremely low level. These reactions may lead to biodiversity reduction and invasive species development in water [4,5]. In order to improve the lakes’ service values to satisfy the societal needs, the restoration of the damaged aquatic ecosystem has gradually become an essential issue in environmental sciences [6,7]
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