An Enhanced Energy Efficient Routing Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) offer much promise for target tracking and environmental monitoring. Energy efficient routing in wireless sensor networks has become a challenging research area. Routing algorithms for WSNs are responsible for selecting and maintaining the routes in the network, which ensure reliable and effective communication within limited coverage areas. The energy constraint of WSNs becomes the most important objective of various routing protocol algorithms,where the battery level of each sensor nodes gets reduced during each transmission.The best way is to form an optimal number of clusters using Expectation Maximization clustering method in order to reduce the network congestion problem and to transmit the data to mobile sink which travels using Floyd's algorithm. Another important problem occurs when the mobile sink fails due to loss of energy or hardware requirement.This leads to the overall delay in sending data to the destination.When the sensor nodes reach a particular threshold value,it will transfer the data in a multi-hop manner by using Route-split-Routing algorithm.By selecting Sub management nodes in the particular path can ensure efficient routing to destination. Keywords: Expectation Maximization, Route-split-Routing, Cluster centroids, Floyd‟s algorithm