Abstract
Nanoparticles have gained increased attention due to the prospection of drug delivery at target sites, thus limiting the systemic effects of the drugs. Their efficiency was further improved by adding special carriers such as magnetite (Fe3O4). It is one of the extensively used oxides of iron for both pharmaceutical and biomedical applications owing to its ease of preparation and biocompatibility. In this work, Gemcitabine magnetic nanoparticles were prepared using Fe3O4 and chitosan as the primary ingredients. Optimization was accomplished by Box–Behnken Design and factor interactions were evaluated. The desirability function approach was made to enhance the formulation concerning particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential. Based on this, optimized magnetic nanoparticles (O-MNP) were formulated with 300 mg of Fe3O4, 297.7 mg of chitosan, and a sonication time of 2.4 h, which can achieve the prerequisites of the target formulation. All other in vitro parameters were found to be following the requirement. In vitro cytotoxic studies for O-MNP were performed using cell cultures of breast cancer (MCF-7), leukemia (THP-1), prostate cancer (PC-3), and lung cancer (A549). O-MNP showed maximum inhibition growth with MCF-7 cell lines rather than other cell lines. The data observed here demonstrates the potential of magnetic nanoparticles of gemcitabine in treating breast cancers.
Highlights
Breast cancer is widespread among women in a great number of countries across the globe [1]
The physical mixture of Gemcitabine with all the formulation ingredients does not cause any shift in the position of the Gemcitabine absorption bands, as the characteristic peaks were found to be in the same range
This confirms the absence of interaction between Gemcitabine and selected excipients
Summary
Breast cancer is widespread among women in a great number of countries across the globe [1]. Current clinical approaches are based on the systemic administration of chemotherapeutics drugs These therapies are limited by solubility and pharmacokinetic factors on account of their physicochemical properties, as well as fraught with toxicity issues as they generally target any rapidly dividing cells in the body such as those of the hair, skin, spleen, and liver, among others. CS nanocarriers consisting of magnetite (Fe3 O4 , iron oxide) core, can be effectively directed to the tumor site by applying external magnetic force subsequently following the anti-tumor drug load It is an important benefit of operating MNPs. An additional advantage of operating MNPs is their function in tumor imaging as MRI agents, which was endorsed for clinical use by FDA [27]. The Gemcitabine coupled Fe3 O4 @CS nanoparticles were further examined for anti-cancer properties
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