Abstract
With the development of integrated energy systems (IES), the traditional demand response technologies for single energy that do not take customer satisfaction into account have been unable to meet actual needs. Therefore, it is urgent to study the integrated demand response (IDR) technology for integrated energy, which considers consumers’ willingness to participate in IDR. This paper proposes an energy management optimization method for community IES based on user dominated demand side response (UDDSR). Firstly, the responsive power loads and thermal loads are modeled, and aggregated using UDDSR bidding optimization. Next, the community IES is modeled and an aggregated building thermal model is introduced to measure the temperature requirements of the entire community of users for heating. Then, a day-ahead scheduling model is proposed to realize the energy management optimization. Finally, a penalty mechanism is introduced to punish the participants causing imbalance response against the day-ahead IDR bids, and the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) theory is introduced to enhance the robustness of the scheduling model under different prediction accuracies. The case study demonstrates that the proposed method can reduce the operating cost of the community under the premise of fully considering users’ willingness, and can complete the IDR request initiated by the power grid operator or the dispatching department.
Highlights
An energy management optimization method for community integrated energy systems (IES) based on user dominated demand side response (UDDSR) is put forth, where users can submit the day-ahead integrated demand response (IDR) bid for load responses that fully meets their own comfort, and respond to the IDR requests issued by the power grid operator or dispatching department according to the planned capacity of the IDR bid on the day
Since this paper studies the centralized temperature regulation in the case of central heating, the community energy management system (CEMS) will first classify users according to the maximum adjustable temperature for heating in the IDR bids
In the community system studied in this paper, by participating in the UDDSR response arranged by CEMS, users can submit the day-ahead IDR bid of load response that fully meets their own comfort, and respond to the IDR request issued by the power grid operator or dispatching department the day according to the planned capacity of IDR bid
Summary
The development of energy cogeneration and integration technologies as well as renewable energies (e.g., photovoltaic (PV)) has attracted many scholars to undertake research on integrated energy systems (IES). In [14], an IDR model based on medium- and long-term time dimensions considering system dynamics was proposed, and taking flexible loads, energy storage, and electric vehicles into account, an IES scheduling model was established in order to simulate the benefits for users participating in IDR. In [19], a user dominated demand side response (UDDSR) scheme that allows energy users to dynamically choose to join or withdraw from DR events was put forward In this scheme, users can submit flexible DR bids to community EMS for participating in DR events. Users can flexibly choose the working hours of each household device This scheme only focuses on electric load, and fails to consider the overall optimization within IES
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