Abstract
A precision positioning system with energy efficiency is of great necessity for guaranteeing personnel safety in underground mines. The location information of the miners' should be transmitted to the control center timely and reliably; therefore, a heterogeneous network with the backbone based on high speed Industrial Ethernet is deployed. Since the mobile wireless nodes are working in an irregular tunnel, a specific wireless propagation model cannot fit all situations. In this paper, an underground localization system is designed to enable the adaptation to kinds of harsh tunnel environments, but also to reduce the energy consumption and thus prolong the lifetime of the network. Three key techniques are developed and implemented to improve the system performance, including a step counting algorithm with accelerometers, a power control algorithm and an adaptive packets scheduling scheme. The simulation study and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms and the implementation.
Highlights
IntroductionPersonnel safety has attracted more and more attention in the mining industry [1,2]
Most recently, personnel safety has attracted more and more attention in the mining industry [1,2].Underground mine accidents, which may cause serious personnel injuries, catastrophic mechanical failures and delays in production, bring about great financial losses for companies
Scenario 1, after receiving the step data sent by the mobile positioning nodes (MNs): Assuming that the ith MN is communicating with the base stations (BSs) m ; when receiving the data, the BS m updates the P m by removing the elapsing time slots (TSs), which can be expressed as P m = P m − Pim, records the end time m
Summary
Personnel safety has attracted more and more attention in the mining industry [1,2]. The mobile node must be battery-powered in a coal mine and has limited computing power These models, due to the high complexity of the algorithm and the limited resolution and accuracy of the RF front-end, are not suitable for a coal mine. In order to improve the localization accuracy, some solutions based on time-of-flight (TOF) are proposed to determine the distance between the transmitter and the receiver. A combined localization scheme with step counting and a TOF method based on a heterogeneous wireless network is designed to reduce the energy consumption of mobile nodes. We proposed three algorithms, including the step counting algorithm of accelerometer, the power control algorithm and the adaptive packets scheduling algorithm to achieve energy-efficient and accurate localization.
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