Abstract
Energy consumption is a critical consideration in mobile ad hoc networks because the majority of mobile nodes run on low battery resources. A hectic problem was the minimization of energy, which was solved by the use of multipath routing protocols. This article proposes an energy-efficient multi-path routing protocol supported by the MANET optimization algorithm. The energy efficiency within the MANET is efficiently achieved by the use of cluster head selection with fuzzy clustering and fuzz NB. Multipath routing can be achieved by integrating the bird swarm optimization algorithm (BSA) with the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), which is called the Bird Swarm-Whale Optimization Algorithm (BSWOA). Optimal route selection is predicated on fitness variables like connectivity between the nodes, energy consumption, the maximum trust value of the route, and throughput. In comparison to existing methods, the suggested BSWOA obtained a minimum energy consumption of 8.72 J, a minimum delay of 0.00333 msec, and a maximum throughput of 0.912 bps.
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