An energy‐efficient clustering algorithm combined interval type‐2 fuzzy logic and dual‐super‐cluster‐head mechanism for homogeneous wireless sensor networks of mobile sink

Abstract

SummaryIn recent trends, wireless sensor network (WSN) is often used in harsh environments. When WSNs work, they need to deploy a large number of sensor nodes in the monitoring area. Due to the limited resources carried by the sensor nodes, the monitoring process of WSN will be limited by the energy of the sensor nodes. An energy‐efficient clustering algorithm combining interval type‐2 fuzzy logic and dual‐super‐cluster‐head (IT2FL‐DSCH) mechanism is proposed, aiming at reducing and balancing the energy consumption of sensor nodes. Considering the four fuzzy parameters, that is, cluster heads' (CHs') battery power, CHs' centrality, base station's (BS's) mobility, and the distance from CHs to BS, interval type‐2 fuzzy logic (IT2FL) is used to select the appropriate super cluster head (SCH). And SCH is the only way to communicate with the mobile BS, thus effectively using bandwidth. Then, the DSCH mechanism to balance the energy consumption of SCH is introduced in detail. In addition, we utilize mathematical derivation to obtain the supremum of the energy consumption of the SCH algorithm under different network distribution. Finally, the MATLAB simulation results show that this protocol outperforms low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), LEACH‐centralized (LEACH‐C), distributed energy efficient clustering (DEEC), WSNs using deep‐Q‐networks (DQN), and two‐tier distributed fuzzy logic based protocol (TTDFP) in terms of sensor nodes energy saving, network stability, and network lifetime.