Abstract
Most of the current research work on the Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is focused on enhancing its network coverage. Many of the existing NB-IoT channel coding techniques are based on repeating transmission data and control signals as a way of enhancing the network’s reliability and therefore, enabling long-distance transmissions. Although most of these efforts are made at the expense of reducing the energy consumption of the NB-IoT network, they do not always consider the channel conditions. Therefore, this work proposes a novel NB-IoT Energy-Efficient Adaptive Channel Coding (EEACC) scheme. The EEACC approach is a two-dimensional (2D) approach which not only selects an appropriate channel coding scheme based on the estimated channel conditions (dynamically classified as bad, medium or good from initial based on a periodically assessed BLER performance outcome) but also minimizes the transmission repetition number under a pre-assessed probability of successful transmission (based on the ratio of previous successful transmissions over the total number of transmissions). This results in creating a single mixed gradient based on which a higher or lower Modulating Coding Scheme (MCS) is selected on each transmission. It is aimed at enhancing the overall energy efficiency of the network by dynamically selecting the appropriate Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) number and efficiently minimizing the transmission repetition number. Link-level simulations are performed under different channel conditions (good, medium, or bad) considerations to assess the performance of the proposed up-link adaptation technique for NB-IoT. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed technique outperforms the existing Narrowband Link Adaptation (NBLA) as well as the traditional repetition schemes in terms of the achieved energy efficiency as well as network reliability, latency, and scalability.
Highlights
Low Power Area Networks (LPWANs) are a promising technology of the Internet of Things (IoT)for future wireless communications
The Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) link Adaptation (NBLA) approach is mainly focused on an inner loop link adaptation aspect that is mainly focused on addressing the issue of rapid changes that are often observed with the transmission Block Error rate (BLER) in NB-IoT systems
It is important to note that the sequential channel estimation considered in the study as proposed in [52], takes into account the presence of random phase noises being present in the signal
Summary
Low Power Area Networks (LPWANs) are a promising technology of the Internet of Things (IoT). This article proposes a 2-dimensional channel coding and link adaptation scheme capable of providing a trade-off between the transmit reliability and the throughput of the system by selecting a suitable MCS on one hand and an appropriate transmission repetition number on the other hand This is proposed based on the fact that it has been identified that most existing link adaptation schemes found in the literature are solely focused on the selection of a suitable MCS value without consideration of the repetition number which as demonstrated in the paragraphs above is has demonstrated potential benefits towards addressing the energy efficiency of the NB-IoT network.
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