An Energy Efficient Adaptive Wake-Up Radio MAC (EEAWuR-MAC) Protocol for IoT Wireless Body Area Networks

Abstract

In this paper an improved adaptive energy efficient MAC (EEAWuR-MAC) protocol is proposed to handle emergency data transmission in internet of things wireless body area networks (WBANs) by incorporating the wake-up radio (WuR) mechanism. In WuR based WBANs a body node starts data transmission in an on-demand manner by sending a WuR-message (WuM). The WuR based MAC (WuR-MAC) protocols reduces the latency of data transmission and saves more energy in contrast to duty-cycling MAC protocols. Therefore, the superiority of WuR mechanism over duty-cycling shifts the trend towards WuR-MAC protocols. Furthermore, the investigation of emergency data (ED) handling mechanisms is still required at MAC layer. It is observed that inappropriately configuring the 802.15.4 MAC parameters may lead to performance deterioration in terms of energy efficiency and quality of service (QoS) such as throughput and delay. Therefore, a substantial modification in the existing IEEE 802.15.4 super-frame structure is essentially required for efficiently handling the ED transmission. The proposed protocol employs a modified superframe structure of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC, mainly designed for ultra-low power medical applications under normal and emergency traffic conditions concurrently without any interruption. A systematic analytical framework is developed to derive the mathematical expressions based on M/G/1/2 queuing model to evaluate the performance of proposed protocol in terms of throughput, delay and energy consumption and its validation is carried out using MATLAB simulation.