Abstract
Wireless sensor network (WSN) seeks an unequal clustering approach to solve its energy hole and HOTSPOT issue. Increasing the cluster number and decreasing the size of the cluster near the sink equally distribute the load across the network. The approach is to made buffer aware to enhance the network lifetime and avoid data packet drop due to buffer overflow. The increase in buffer size is always not possible in preconfigured sensor nodes, making lifetime and data loss as a major problem. An energy-aware buffer management (EABM) routing protocol is designed to overcome the issue. The memory vacancy and energy level are considered before routing the next hop data to the cluster. The proposed EABM routing protocol is compared with LEACH, LEACH-C, ALEACH and EAR routing protocols to support our claim. The proposed routing protocol provides higher lifetime of 1.17 rounds, 1.1 times throughput and 0.73 times reduced packet drop considering LEACH as a benchmark protocol. The energy and buffer filling near the sink are equally distributed in case of the proposed EABM routing protocol.
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