Abstract
Migrant workers are the workers who move from one place to another to pursue employment. Labour migration is not a new phenomenon but can be traced out right from the age of The Mauryan empire, The Gupta Empire and even in Tamil Sangam literature. The contributions of migrant workers help in the social and economic development of their destined locality of work and provide greater benefit to their origin locality through their acquired skills and remittances. Despite these advantages, the migrant workers face challenges as to their poor living conditions, exploitation, lack of job security and more. This article seeks to analyse the challenges and rights of migrant labourers, particularly highlighting the significant challenges they faced amid the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in job losses and their eventual return to hometowns.Furthermore, the article explores the role of ILO and international conventions and the upsides and downsides of legislations particularly enacted to safeguard these rights. Lastly, the study aims to investigate potential solutions offered by The Code on Social Security, 2020, and the Occupational Safety, Health, and Working Conditions Code, 2020, to enhance the implementation of existing laws and address the concerns of migrant labourers.
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