Abstract
Shared parking has become the most effective way to utilize existing parking resources. Little attention has been focused on drivers’ intention to use shared parking spaces in residential areas considering individual heterogeneity. To fill this gap, this paper explores the influencing factors and mechanism of shared parking use intention (SPUI) and further studies the preferences for the shared parking of different types of drivers. Firstly, based on the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology that includes psychological factors, personal attributes, and travel characteristics, the multiple indicator multiple cause (MIMIC) model was employed for parameter estimation and model assessment. Secondly, using MIMIC’s output results as input variables, the segmentation method of the latent class model (LCM) was adopted to explore drivers’ preferences regarding SPUI. Finally, a quantitative study was carried out through questionnaire data. The empirical results show that: (a) the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology has good explanatory power for SPUI. SPUI is directly affected by perceived risk (PR), behavioral habit (BH), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FCs), and effort expectancy (EE), while performance expectancy (PE) have no significant effect on SPUI. In addition, some factors of personal attributes and travel characteristics affect SPUI through psychological factors. (b) According to individual heterogeneity, the surveyed driver groups are divided into four segments: sensitive type (36%), conservative type (29.6%), neutral type (24.5%), and approved type (9.9%), respectively. There are significant differences in psychological observation variables such as EE, PE, FC, and SI among the four segments of drivers. According to the influence mechanism of psychological factors and preferences analysis of different types of drivers, the shared parking promotion strategy can be formulated from the aspects of management, operation, and technology.
Highlights
With the rapid growth of car ownership, the contradiction between the increasing demand for parking and the limited parking resources has become more and more prominent
In the context of COVID-19, travelers are more worried about the safety of public transportation, and the government has adopted a series of antiepidemic measures, such as restricting the passenger capacity of public transportation, which has led to a further decrease in the proportion of citizens taking public transportation and an increase in the proportion of private car trips. erefore, the contradiction between the supply and demand of parking spaces is further aggravated
Is approach is expected to contribute to the literature by providing first-hand insights into shared parking use intention (SPUI) of different categories of drivers
Summary
With the rapid growth of car ownership, the contradiction between the increasing demand for parking and the limited parking resources has become more and more prominent. Until July 2020, China’s parking space gap has reached 80 million [1, 2], which increases search time for parking and creates exhaust emissions and traffic congestions [3,4,5]. Yan et al [7] pointed out that from 2015 to 2019, residential parking resources in Beijing accounted for an average of 53.16% of all parking resources, and nearly 800,000 private parking spaces were idle during working hours. Erefore, if the idle time of the huge number of parking spaces in residential areas can be fully utilized, the utilization rate of parking spaces can be effectively increased, and traffic congestion and carbon emissions can be further alleviated [9] A simulation experiment shows that if 20% of Beijing’s existing parking spaces are added to the sharing projects, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by 7.3 million tons per year [8]. erefore, if the idle time of the huge number of parking spaces in residential areas can be fully utilized, the utilization rate of parking spaces can be effectively increased, and traffic congestion and carbon emissions can be further alleviated [9]
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