An Empirical Study on Architecture and Efficiency of Dalvik VM and Android Runtime (ART)

Abstract

Abstract: Many mobile platforms have developed as a result of the development of mobile technology. Rapid technological advancement has led to the widespread adoption of mobile devices with excellent graphics. Since its inception, the Open Handset Alliance project known as Android has undergone numerous revisions. Being centred on efficiency and pace, it's development. Android OS is driven by the Dalvik microkernel. The Android OS is sluggish due to the runtime as it is a virtual system. Android's multitasking capability leads to its latency. Earlier, there have been efforts to speed up Dalvik, but they were inefficacious. Increasing Android's speed and optimization was severely hampered by this. The Android Runtime (ART), which takes the role of the Dalvik Virtual Machine, made its debut when Android 4.4 was released by Google. A fast gadget was made possible by ART, which skillfully blends portability and performance, which eventually enhanced graphics optimization. A pre-compiled program was maintained for the Android applications by ART, which was not feasible with Dalvik Virtual machine. A speed of double has been observed on the Android Operating system, in several experiments. This paper discloses the architecture of android virtual machines (Dalvik and ART), memory optimization and efficiency of both in various devices. Also lists out the for and against of the latter one over the former and the basic functions of the runtimes