Abstract
In this paper, we explore an empirical model capable to describe the nonlinear temperature response of in-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZI). This model describes the nonlinear and linear response ranges with the same accuracy. It shows how the refractive index of the silica and the surroundings, including their thermo-optic coefficients, contribute to the temperature sensitivity (TS). It is also capable of predicting maxima and minima values for the TS, as well the conditions for the linear response to the temperature. Five different surroundings have been tested: air, water, ethanol, turpentine, and kerosene, in a temperature ranging from 20 °C to 45 °C. The resulting experimental TS values have ranged from 50 pm/°C to 1000 pm/°C. At 20 °C, the calculated theoretical minimum and maximum TS were 45 pm/°C and 5377 pm/°C. We also show that this model can be applied to calculate temperature from wavelength measurements with arbitrary precision, as well as it can be used to identify substances through wavelength and temperature measurements.
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