Abstract
The Simultaneous Nadir Overpass (SNO) method was developed by the NOAA/NESDIS to improve the consistency and quality of climate data acquired by different meteorological satellites. Taking advantage of the reduced impact induced by the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF), atmospheric effects, illumination and viewing geometries during an SNO, we created a sensor comparison methodology for all spectral targets. The method is illustrated by applying it to the assessment of data acquired by the Landsat 8 (L8), Sentinel-2A (S2A), and Sentinel-2B (S2B) optical sensors. Multiple SNOs were identified and selected without the need for orbit propagators. Then, by locating spatially homogeneous areas, it was possible to assess, for a wide range of Top-of-Atmosphere reflectance values, the relationship between the L8 bands and the corresponding ones of S2A and S2B. The results yield high coefficients of determination for S2 A/B with respect to L8. All are higher than 0.980 for S2A and 0.984 for S2B. If the S2 band 8 (wide near-infrared, NIR) is excluded then the lowest coefficients of determination become 0.997 and 0.999 from S2A and S2B, respectively. This methodology can be complementary to those based on Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (PICS) due to its simplicity, highly correlated results and the wide range of compared reflectances and spectral targets.
Highlights
The growing number of Earth Observation (EO) satellites reflects the societal demand of products and services based on remote sensing data [1]
With the purpose of minimizing the aforementioned drawbacks in the Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (PICS) methodology and to simplify the process, we introduce a methodology based on multiple Simultaneous Nadir Overpasses (SNOs)
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Summary
The growing number of Earth Observation (EO) satellites reflects the societal demand of products and services based on remote sensing data [1]. Calibration and cross-calibration processes are essential to ensure data quality, functionality and interoperability [3,4]. Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (PICS) based methodologies have been widely used for cross-calibration [6]. These methodologies require Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) modelization [7,8] and are influenced by the atmosphere [9,10], while their results are restricted to a limited range of reflectances [11,12]
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