Abstract
A high-efficiency, easy-to-use input device is not only important for data entry but also for human-computer interaction. To date, there has been little research on input devices with many degrees of freedom (DOF) that can be used by the handicapped. This paper presents the development of an electromyography (EMG)-based input device for forearm amputees. To overcome the difficulties in analysing EMG and realising high DOF from biosignals, the following were integrated: (1) an online learning method to cope with nonlinearity and the individual difference of EMG signals; (2) a smoothing algorithm to deal with noisy recognition results and transition states; and (3) a modified Huffman coding algorithm to generate the optimal code, taking expected error and input efficiency into consideration. Experiments showed the validity of the system and the possibility for development of a quiet, free-posture (no postural restriction) input device with many DOF for users, including forearm amputees.
Highlights
A high-efficiency, easy-to-use input device is important for data entry and for human–computer interface (HCI)
There is little research on input devices with large input degrees of freedom (DOF) that can be used by the handicapped
The aforementioned 3 processes used to construct an EMG keyboard are at first separately investigated and discussed, and, the overall performance of the whole system is tested by a text-input experiment
Summary
A high-efficiency, easy-to-use input device is important for data entry and for human–computer interface (HCI). This interaction has been attracting much attention recently with the increased use of human-oriented mechatronic devices. Input can be considered as a process of putting information into machines by making selections from a set of provided choices. Using this approach, input devices can generally be classified into 4 types based on the selection method and choice presentation. Input devices can generally be classified into 4 types based on the selection method and choice presentation Mouse devices belong to another spatially extended type, ‘cursor select’, but the
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