An Electrophoretic and Serological Investigation of Seed Proteins in Galeopsis tetrahit L. (Labiatae) and Its Putative Parental Species

Abstract

Seed proteins from the tetraploid Galeopsis tetrahit L. and its putative parental species G. pubescens Bess. and G. speciosa Mill., were examined using disc gel electrophoresis (PAGE), Ouchterlony double diffusion, and Immunoelectrophoresis. Forty-three inbred cultivated lines of G. speciosa, G. pubescens, and G. tetrahit (both the naturally occurring species and an artificially produced hybrid) and two wild populations of G. tetrahit were examined. PAGE gels were stained for total protein or malate dehydrogenase. Although variability in the total protein pattern was detected within and between lines for all three species, there was much similarity among the taxa. No bands appeared in the hybrid that were not present in the parents. The band pattern for synthetic G. tetrahit was very similar to that of natural G. tetrahit suggesting that G. tetrahit originated from a cross in nature between G. pubescens and G. speciosa. The total protein PAGE results were analyzed using numerical taxonomic techniques. Although these analyses did not clearly separate the three species, the general tendency was toward grouping G. pubescens lines together, natural G. tetrahit lines together, and synthetic G. tetrahit lines together. Natural and synthetic G. tetrahit lines were also interspersed among each other along with some G. speciosa lines. The malate dehydrogenase pattern showed little variation among the three species. Qualitative serological methods did not distingush among the three species, but confirmed the similarity observed among the taxa in the results of electrophoresis.