Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of serotypes, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Shigella spp. in Beijing, China, from 2004 to 2011. Real-time PCR assays were used to detect virulent genes, and the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to evaluate antimicrobial resistance. Among the total of 1,652 Shigella isolates, S. sonnei (57.1%) was the predominant species, followed by S. flexneri (42.3%), S. dysenteriae (0.4%), and S. boydii (0.2%). Nineteen serotypes were discovered among S. flexneri strains. The virulence gene ipaH was the most frequent, followed by sen and set. The presence of set showed significant difference in two dominant serogroups, S. flexneri and S. sonnei. Over 90% of Shigella isolates showed resistance to at least three drugs with widened spectrum. High-level antimicrobial resistance to single and multiple antibiotics was more common among S. sonnei than S. flexneri. There was an obvious serotype change and a dramatic increase of antibiotic resistance in Shigella prevalence in Beijing.
Highlights
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of serotypes, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Shigella spp. in Beijing, China, from 2004 to 2011
The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of various Shigella species, the distribution of three virulence genes, and the local antibiotic resistance patterns in Beijing, the capital of China, between 2004 and 2011
The relative importance of S. sonnei gradually increased, and it accounted for 85.0% of the dominant species instead of S. flexneri (14.5%) in 2011
Summary
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of serotypes, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Shigella spp. in Beijing, China, from 2004 to 2011. Any of four species of Shigella (S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. boydii, and S. sonnei) can cause shigellosis. IpaH is present in multiple copies on both the invasion plasmid and on the chromosome, and is responsible for the modification of host response to infection Another two genes encoding enterotoxins, set and sen, have roles in altering electrolyte and water transport in the small intestine during the initial watery phase of shigellosis [5,6]. The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of various Shigella species, the distribution of three virulence genes, and the local antibiotic resistance patterns in Beijing, the capital of China, between 2004 and 2011
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