Abstract
Energy recharging has received much attention in recent years. Several recharging mechanisms were proposed for achieving perpetual lifetime of a given Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). However, most of them require a mobile recharger to visit each sensor and then perform the recharging task, which increases the length of the recharging path. Another common weakness of these works is the requirement for the mobile recharger to stop at the location of each sensor. As a result, it is impossible for recharger to move with a constant speed, leading to inefficient movement. To improve the recharging efficiency, this paper takes “recharging while moving” into consideration when constructing the recharging path. We propose a Recharging Path Construction (RPC) mechanism, which enables the mobile recharger to recharge all sensors using a constant speed, aiming to minimize the length of recharging path and improve the recharging efficiency while achieving the requirement of perpetual network lifetime of a given WSN. Performance studies reveal that the proposed RPC outperforms existing proposals in terms of path length and energy utilization index, as well as visiting cycle.
Highlights
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been widely used in various fields such as environmental monitoring, health care, industry, transport and logistics [1,2,3,4,5]
This paper considers the problem of energy recharging efficiency of wireless sensor networks
The proposed Recharging Path Construction (RPC) algorithm is compared with the HAM-based recharging mechanism [18], the approach proposed in [19], which is referred to OWER-MDG and the optimal recharging path
Summary
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been widely used in various fields such as environmental monitoring, health care, industry, transport and logistics [1,2,3,4,5]. To extend the lifetime of WSNs, most proposed mechanisms use power reduction to conserve the limited battery energy. Since the energy conservation approaches only try to reduce energy consumption, without considering the energy replenishment, it is difficult to sustain the operations of WSNs. Energy replenishment technology involves recharging the sensor by collecting energy from the surroundings or RF-based energy transmission, aiming to achieve perpetual network operation. To improve the instability characteristics usually found in the first class, plenty of RF-based energy transmission mechanisms have been proposed [14,15,16] They assume that the sensors are stationary in the network. This paper considers the problem of energy recharging efficiency of wireless sensor networks.
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