An efficient resource utilization scheme within PMIPv6 protocol for urban vehicular networks.

Safwan M. Ghaleb,Abdullah Muhammed,Mukhtar Ghaleb,Shamala Subramaniam,Zuriati Ahmad Zukarnain,Yanyong Guo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0212490

Safwan M. Ghaleb, Abdullah Muhammed + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212490

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Abstract

Recently, the mobility management of urban vehicular networks has become great challenges for researchers due to its unique mobility requirements imposed by mobile users when accessing different services in a random fashion. To provide a ubiquitous Internet and seamless connectivity, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has proposed a Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) protocol. This is meant to address the signaling of the mobility transparent to the Mobile Node (MN) and also guarantee session continuity while the MN is in motion. However, performing a handoff by tens of thousands of MNs may harm the performance of the system significantly due to the high signaling overhead and the insufficient utilization of so-called Binding Cash Entry (BCE) at the Local Mobility Anchor (LMA). To address these issues, we propose an efficient scheme within the PMIPv6 protocol, named AE-PMIPv6 scheme, to effectively utilize the BCE at the LMA. This is primarily achieved by merging the BCEs of the MNs, thus, reducing the signaling overhead. Better utilization of the BCEs has been attained by employing virtual addresses and addressing pool mechanisms for the purpose of binding information of the MNs that are moving together towards the same network at a specific time, during their handoff process. Results obtained from our simulation demonstrates the superiority of AE-PMIPv6 scheme over E-PMIPv6 scheme. The AE-PMIPv6 succeeds in minimizing the signaling overhead, reduces the handover time and at the same time efficiently utilize the buffer resources.

Highlights

Research works have shown an increasing interest in the mobility management protocols, especially in urban vehicular networks
For the purpose of evaluating the AE-Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) scheme under PMIPv6 environment, Network Simulator version 2 (NS2) based PMIPv6 package is downloaded [24]. This package is extended to implement the proposed AE-PMIPv6 scheme and compared to the E-PMIPv6 scheme in terms of the cost of the buffering, signaling and the handoff NS2 [25]. This is to ensure that the AE-PMIPv6 scheme has achieved its main goal, which is to enable the buffer resource utilization, and to guarantee low handover latency and low signaling cost whether the network is equipped with Mobile Router (MR) or not
We report and discuss the evaluation results conducted based on two different scenarios, namely, on whether the network is equipped with MRs or not

Summary

Introduction

Research works have shown an increasing interest in the mobility management protocols, especially in urban vehicular networks. An efficient resource utilization scheme within PMIPv6 protocol for urban vehicular networks management in terms of signaling cost and handover latency.

Results

Conclusion