Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) devices are forecasted to increase to 20 billion by the year 2020. Questions are arising as where the bandwidth and radio channels come from to make it all work. It is a common belief that the spectrum under 6GHz is easy to use for various IoT applications. However, currently it has been almost fully allocated to different kinds of systems, some of which suffer from an extremely low spectrum utilization ratio. To this end, spectrum sharing approach has been proposed recently, which dynamically redistributes the incumbents' underutilized spectrum to secondary users and exchanges for profit. To incentivize the incumbent to share the spectrum in efficient and profitable ways, auction based mechanisms are extensively discussed. Most of the existing researches propose to share the spectrum by utilizing truthful auction mechanism, in which the secondary users' dominant strategies are to bid their true valuations. However in reality, exposing true valuation is very risky and thus keeping user's bidding value confidential is of great importance. In this paper, we propose an efficient privacy preserving spectrum sharing framework for IoT by utilizing ElGamal cyptosystem. The proposed scheme hides the user's bid from both the auctioneer and other users. By extensive evaluation results, we show that the proposed framework could achieve good spectrum utilization efficiency and user satisfactory ratio, at the cost of acceptable communication and computation overheads.
Highlights
The number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is projected to amount to 20 billion worldwide by 2020, and 75.44 billion by 2025
All the secondary users locate outside the exclusion zones, e.g., IoT devices No 1 ∼ 9 in Fig. 1, have the opportunities to access the primary system’s spectrum by participating the spectrum auction
Besides the auctioneer and bidders, we introduce a third party into the spectrum auction, i.e., Cryptographic Authority (CA), who is responsible for generating the public keys
Summary
The number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is projected to amount to 20 billion worldwide by 2020, and 75.44 billion by 2025. We propose an auction-based efficient privacy preserving spectrum sharing framework for IoT, by taking into consideration both the spatial spectrum reusage and truthfulness. HOMOMORPHIC ENCRYPTION: ELGAMAL ENCRYPTION SCHEME The proposed auction-based privacy preserving spectrum sharing framework is built based on a widely known public key homomorphic encryption scheme: ElGamal cryptosystem [13]. The ElGamal encryption scheme has the following very important properties, which are the keys to realize our efficient private preserving spectrum sharing framework. Finegrained auction based incentive mechanisms for crowdsourced REM construction have been proposed in [21]–[23] These researches do not consider the privacy preservation issue for the individual bidder. All the secondary users locate outside the exclusion zones, e.g., IoT devices No 1 ∼ 9, have the opportunities to access the primary system’s spectrum by participating the spectrum auction.
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