Abstract
More spectrum is required for data transmission in the Internet of Things, mobility, and cloud computing. The spectrum is a limited resource that, unfortunately, is not utilized by licensed users while being overused by unauthorized users. Spectrum underutilization can now be addressed with cognitive radio technology, which is known to be effective. The purpose of this study is to use a modified AODV routing protocol to increase the success rate of unutilized band spectrum. This study makes proposals on how the issues impacting energy awareness can be addressed based on related work. The performance of the AODV helps increase energy awareness, and its effectiveness to improve spectrum efficiency is subsequently evaluated. An existing Q-AODV protocol is compared with the proposed scheme for modified AODV. NS 2 is used to perform simulations. In terms of throughput, packet delivery ratio, and delay, the proposed system outperforms the Q-AODV routing protocol.. The routing issue was solved by the scheme, which also gradually decreased the factors impacting energy awareness.
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