Abstract
This paper presents an indoor propagation model that uses image-based ray-tracing with a quasi-3D approach. A fast 2D algorithm finds the most relevant rays lying in the horizontal plan of the indoor environment. Then, every path is converted into five rays that lie in the vertical plane. As a consequence, the third-dimension effect is considered in the field computation. Comparisons were made with measurements for a typical indoor scenario and the quasi-3D approach results showed to be as good as the results obtained by a full 3D ray-tracing tool. With this approach, it is possible to have a computational cost comparable to that of a 2D algorithm, without significant impairment in the accuracy compared to results obtained with a 3D tool.
Highlights
With the impressive growth in wireless systems due to the new generation technologies, the need for a suitable design before their implantation becomes essential
This paper presents an electromagnetic prediction model for indoor environments based on quasi3D ray-tracing method
Its validation relies on comparisons with measurements as well as a full 3D ray-tracing algorithm results from literature
Summary
With the impressive growth in wireless systems due to the new generation technologies, the need for a suitable design before their implantation becomes essential. I k where As = ρ / (s + ρ) is the spreading factor for a spherical wave; s is the total distance (in air) of the path from a reference point to the reception point; ρ is the distance between the transmitter and the reference point; Eo is the electric field calculated at the reference point considering a propagation in free space (in the far field region); βs is the total phase shift along the propagation path in air; Γi is the reflection coefficient matrix due to the i-th reflection and Tk is the transmission coefficient due to k-th transmission of the ray (considering the propagation through the obstacles [6]) These coefficient matrices take into account the components of vertical and horizontal polarization. The amplitude and phase, and the polarization is considered on total field computation, obtained by field contributions due to relevant rays
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