An efficient honey badger based Faster region CNN for chronc heart Failure prediction

Abstract

If the blood circulation of the heart is not adequate then it causes arrhythmias and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) which requires immediate medical attention or else it leads to the loss of one's life. An Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a golden standard to diagnose the fatal complications in the heart caused by arrhythmias and it comprises a massive information related to the heartbeat rhythm. The main challenge focused in this paper is to extract the crucial information present in the ECG signal by visual analysis and classify the different abnormalities exhibited in the ECG signal. This paper presents a Honey Badger Algorithm optimized Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (HBA-FRCNN) for CHF prediction with higher diagnostic accuracy. The noisy input ECG signals such as muscle contraction, electrode touch noise, and different noise artifacts are preprocessed using the Delayed Normalized Least Mean Square (DNLMS). The electrocardiographic complex (QRS complex) consisting of the Q, R, and S waves are extracted using the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and fast Fourier transforms(FFT). The target detection box and the anchor parameter for the FRCNN model are tuned using the HBA algorithm to overcome the missed target detection, overfitting, and computational cost. The ECG signals for this study were obtained from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) Congestive Heart Failure Database and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital (MIT-BIH) Normal Sinus Rhythm Database. The proposed methodology offers an accuracy, positive predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity score of 98.65%, 97.81%, 98.5%, and 98.2% respectively when evaluated with the ECG signals of the two datasets. For the Cardiac Arrhythmias (ARR), Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), and Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR) classes present in the MIT-BIH dataset, the proposed model offers an accuracy of 99%, 100%, and 98% respectively and for the classes such as CHF severe and CHF normal in the BIDMC dataset, it offers an accuracy of 98% and 97%. The study mainly demonstrates the effectiveness of the FRCNN technique in predicting arrhythmias and CHF in patients by taking the increased number of features in the ECG signal. It also serves as a promising solution for physicians for long-time surveillance of patients prone to CHF with abnormal heartbeat rhythm.