An efficient heterogeneous CrOx–Y zeolite catalyst for glucose to HMF conversion in ionic liquids

Abstract

ABSTRACTIn this study, CrCI3, H–Y, Cr–Y and calcined CrOx–Y zeolites were studied in the liquid phase heterogeneous catalytic conversion of glucose to HMF in ionic liquids. Characterization of catalysts was done in XPS, XRD and NH3-TPD. Both glucose conversion and HMF yield decreased with the addition of chromium (III) chloride impregnated catalysts in comparison to the homogeneous CrCI3–[BMIM]CI system. High glucose and HMF yields were obtained with heterogeneous calcined CrOx–Y zeolite. Best HMF yield achieved was 52.8%.