Abstract
This paper presents an efficient framework for estimating the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of wideband sound sources. The proposed framework provides an efficient way to construct a wideband cross-correlation matrix from multiple narrowband cross-correlation matrices for all frequency bins. In addition, the proposed framework is inspired by the coherent signal subspace technique with further improvement of linear transformation procedure, and the new procedure no longer requires any process of DOA preliminary estimation by exploiting unique cross-correlation matrices between the received signal and itself on distinct frequencies, along with the higher-order generalized singular value decomposition of the array of this unique matrix. Wideband DOAs are estimated by employing any subspace-based technique for estimating narrowband DOAs, but using the proposed wideband correlation instead of the narrowband correlation matrix. It implies that the proposed framework enables cutting-edge studies in the recent narrowband subspace methods to estimate DOAs of the wideband sources directly, which result in reducing computational complexity and facilitating the estimation algorithm. Practical examples are presented to showcase its applicability and effectiveness, and the results show that the performance of fusion methods perform better than others over a range of signal-to-noise ratios with just a few sensors, which make it suitable for practical use.
Highlights
The fundamental competence of sound source localization has received much attention during the past decades, and has become an important part of navigation systems [1,2]
This section introduces a new procedure for estimating a transformation matrix, its alternative solution by using the higher-order generalized singular value decomposition (HOGSVD), and practical examples of wideband DOA estimation scheme
Of the array of novel cross-correlation matrices, where elements in the row and column positions are a sample cross-correlation matrix between received signal and itself on two distinct frequencies. It was shown in the theoretical analysis that the proposed transformation procedure provided the best solution under appropriate constraints, and no longer required any process of DOA preliminary estimation
Summary
The fundamental competence of sound source localization has received much attention during the past decades, and has become an important part of navigation systems [1,2]. DOA estimation is one of the most frequently used approaches, which is widely known as the generalized cross-correlation with phase transform (GCC-PHAT) [9]. In addition to this approach, a low computational requirement makes it attractive for practical applications; the major drawback is its low robustness in noisy and multipath environments. Another relevant approach is adopted from the independent component analysis (ICA) in blind source separation [10,11]. DOAs are estimated by using the separated components for all frequency bins, but it should be noted that the estimation accuracy of such a method is highly sensitive to the non-Gaussianity measures
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