Abstract
Efficient, eco-friendly and sustainable access to 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones directly from alcohols under microwave and solvent-free conditions has been reported. The practical protocol involves heteropolyanion-based catalyzed oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes with NaNO3 as the oxidant followed by cyclocondensation with dicarbonyl compounds and urea or thiourea in a two-step, one-pot manner. Compatibility with different functional groups, good to excellent yields and reusable catalysts are the main highlights. The utilization of alcohols instead of aldehydes is a valid and green alternative to the classical Biginelli reaction.
Highlights
One-pot, sequential multi-step reactions have become an important area of research in organic chemistry, due to the improved atom economy, multiple-bond-forming efficiency, time and energy savings and avoiding waste and pollution [1–5]
heteropolyanion-based ionic ionic liquids (HPAILs) were chosen as potential catalysts for this imidazole, pyridine andand triethylamine based
HPAILs werewere chosen as potential catalysts for thisfor tandem imidazole, pyridine triethylamine based
Summary
One-pot, sequential multi-step reactions have become an important area of research in organic chemistry, due to the improved atom economy, multiple-bond-forming efficiency, time and energy savings and avoiding waste and pollution [1–5]. Aldehydes are widely prevalent substrates in many efficient one-pot synthesis or multicomponent reactions (MCRs) [6–8]. They are generally very volatile, toxic and unstable, especially due to ease of aerial oxidation. Tandem oxidation processes (TOPs) in which oxidation of alcohols combined with the subsequent elaboration of the carbonyl intermediates (aldehydes) have gained considerable attention [9–18], while only a few reports described the combining alcohol oxidation with a MCR in a one-pot process [19,20].
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