Abstract
Antenna is a very important component of communication systems. An antenna is a device used to transform an RF signal, travelling on conductor, into an electromagnetic wave in free space. The transmitter signal is sent into space by a transmitting antenna; the RF signal is picked up from space by a receiving antenna. Microstrip antenna is also referred as a patch antenna. In designing rectangular microstrip patch antennas, a number of substrate can be used. Rectangular microstrip patch antennas are attractive due to their light weight, conformability and low cost. These antennas can be integrated with printed strip-line feed networks and active devices. The design is determined by optimal selection of dimensions, which represent the length and width, of the antenna structure. To optimise the dimensions, ABC-PSO algorithm is proposed in our work. The experimental results demonstrated that the designed antenna gives ideal radiation characteristics over the operating bands. Subsequently, the performance is compared in detail with the existing designs. The cheering outcomes achieved have unequivocally ratified effectiveness of our proposed technique and is able to improve the design parameter.
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