An efficient and sustainable synthesis of morpholino-1,4-dihydropyridine-2,3-dicarboxylates using recyclable SeO2/HAp catalyst

Abstract

• Excellent yields (95 to 98%) in short reaction times (less than10 min). • Superb reusable (8 times) catalyst 2.5 %SeO 2 /HAp. • Synthesis of novel morpholino-1,4-dihydropyridine-2,3-dicarboxylates analogues. • One-pot/four-component green solvent (ethanol) protocol. • Easy recovery catalyst and cost effective reagents. A novel, facile, incredibly stable, and environmentally benign Selenia-loaded hydroxyapatite (SeO 2 /HAp) catalysts have effectively synthesized. The catalyst material is characterized by different spectroscopic analyses like BET, TEM, SEM, P-XRD, and SEM-EDS. The nanomaterial catalytic activity was used to synthesize morpholino-1,4-dihydropyridine-2,3-dicarboxylates under mild reaction conditions. This greener approach exhibits several advantages: simplicity, low-cost, eco-friendly, simple work-up procedure, short reaction time (less than 10 min), minimizing wastes, greener safe solvent, simple purification, and excellent product yields (95–98%). Notably, the material could be detached from the reaction mixture using simple filtration and recycled for several periods without activity loss.