Abstract
Modelling flow rates in catchments and sewers with a conceptual, also known as hydrological, approach is widely applied if fast simulations are important. In cases where a detailed hydrodynamic model exists, it is common to start conceptualizing from this detailed counterpart. Unfortunately, no generalized procedure exists, which is surprising as this can be a complex and time-consuming task. This research work proposes a procedure that is validated with two independent combined sewer case studies. The conceptual models provide the targeted results with respect to representation of the flow rates and reduction in the computational time. As the desired performance could be reached for different levels of model aggregation, it is concluded that the conceptual model can be tailored to the points where accurate flow rates need to be predicted. Furthermore, the comparison of the conceptual model results with flow measurements highlights the importance of analyzing and eventually compensating for the limitations of the detailed model.
Highlights
The use of lumped conceptual models is widespread in urban drainage modelling where fast calculations are necessary for multiple model evaluations, such as sensitivity or uncertainty analysis and optimization questions [1], or for simulations of long timeseries with complex models, such as integrated models where multiple sub-system models are evaluated at the same time [2,3]
As the results indicate shortcomings under dry weather flow (DWF) conditions, the DWF flow generation in the catchment was recalibrated based on the available flow rate measurements
The results demonstrated that the conceptual models represent the detailed model with the desired level of accuracy and result in considerably shorter simulation times compared to the detailed models
Summary
The use of lumped conceptual models is widespread in urban drainage modelling where fast calculations are necessary for multiple model evaluations, such as sensitivity or uncertainty analysis and optimization questions [1], or for simulations of long timeseries with complex models, such as integrated models where multiple sub-system models are evaluated at the same time [2,3]. The potential beneficial use of lumped conceptual models was proven with several successful case studies over the last decades Some examples of their application include sensitivity analysis [4,5], uncertainty analysis [6], real time control (RTC) and model predictive control [7,8] or optimization and integration [9,10,11]. Hydrodynamic routing, known as distributed flow routing, calculates the flow based on a time and space component using the de Saint-Venant equations [12]. The evaluation of these equations is computationally demanding and different approaches exist for simplification or. In comparison to hydrodynamic models no flow prediction at intermediate points is possible as the spatial component is lost and several other flow characteristics, such as velocity and water height are no longer calculated
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