Abstract
The Internet of thing (IoT) is a growing concept for smart cities, and it is compulsory to communicate data between different networks and devices. In the IoT, communication should be rapid with less delay and overhead. For this purpose, flooding is used for reliable data communication in a smart cities concept but at the cost of higher overhead, energy consumption and packet drop etc. This paper aims to increase the efficiency in term of overhead and reliability in term of delay by using multicasting and unicasting instead of flooding during packet forwarding in a smart city using the IoT concept. In this paper, multicasting and unicasting is used for IoT in smart cities within a receiver-initiated mesh-based topology to disseminate the data to the cluster head. Smart cities networks are divided into cluster head, and each cluster head or core node will be responsible for transferring data to the desired receiver. This protocol is a novel approach according to the best of our knowledge, and it proves to be very useful due to its efficiency and reliability in smart cities concept because IoT is a collection of devices and having a similar interest for transmission of data. The results are implemented in Network simulator 2 (NS-2). The result shows that the proposed protocol shows performance in overhead, throughput, packet drop, delay and energy consumption as compared to benchmark schemes.
Highlights
Advanced countries are facing many social issues related to safety, security, healthcare, disaster, aged population etc
ERASCA and Protocol for unified multicast through announcement (PUMA) 100 50 250 meters 1000 m × 1000 m 50 packets 10000 10 ms to do it practically, a social infrastructure should be equipped with short-range wireless communication units, which should be installed in a local area network
At least 50 sensors are used to communicate such data to the nearest IoT-enabled social infrastructures (ISIs), and the data is broadcasted in the Internet of thing (IoT) network to execute their functions successfully
Summary
Advanced countries are facing many social issues related to safety, security, healthcare, disaster, aged population etc. The idea of smart cities utilizes the technologies of IoT to improve social infrastructure and to design an innovative solution to the issues mentioned above. CMC, 2022, vol., no.1 in e-health, smart learning, smart homes, and professional level, i.e., smart transportation, remote monitoring, automation, smart cities etc. An increasing number of objects are connecting to the internet through IoT. IoT [4] is playing an important role to improve the quality of lives, including industrial automation, healthcare, emergency response to artificial and natural disasters, transportation etc. IoT devices connect and share their coordinates, information, and decisions through embedded devices, ubiquitous and pervasive computing, internet protocols, and applications. The objects/devices perform their task either in a domain-specific application or an independent domain application, whereas in each domain, actuators and sensors communicate with each other through some predefined protocols, as shown in Fig. 1 [5]
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