Abstract
Efficient routing protocols for data packet delivery are crucial to underwater sensor networks (UWSNs). However, communication in UWSNs is a challenging task because of the characteristics of the acoustic channel. Network coding is a promising technique for efficient data packet delivery thanks to the broadcast nature of acoustic channels and the relatively high computation capabilities of the sensor nodes. In this work, we present GPNC, a novel geographic routing protocol for UWSNs that incorporates partial network coding to encode data packets and uses sensor nodes’ location information to greedily forward data packets to sink nodes. GPNC can effectively reduce network delays and retransmissions of redundant packets causing additional network energy consumption. Simulation results show that GPNC can significantly improve network throughput and packet delivery ratio, while reducing energy consumption and network latency when compared with other routing protocols.
Highlights
In recently years, underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) [1,2] have been increasingly used in applications such as environmental monitoring, gas deposit exploration and exploitation, oceanographic data collection, oil spill monitoring, real-time warship monitoring, and disaster prevention
Simulation results show that GPNC can significantly improve network throughput and packet delivery ratio, while reducing energy consumption and network latency when compared with other routing protocols
We have presented a novel geographic and partial network coding based routing protocol for UWSNs called GPNC
Summary
Underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) [1,2] have been increasingly used in applications such as environmental monitoring, gas deposit exploration and exploitation, oceanographic data collection, oil spill monitoring, real-time warship monitoring, and disaster prevention. Key issues with the underwater channel include high propagation latency due to the low speed of acoustic signals in water (typically 1500 m/s), severely limited available bandwidth, high noise, and high error rates These issues lead to excessive data retransmissions, high energy consumption and low packet delivery ratios, which all contribute to the difficulties of designing an efficient and reliable routing protocol for UWSNs. Geographic information routing has been widely accepted as a preferred method for routing packets in UWSNs as it does not require establishing/keeping complete routes or transmitting routing messages [8]. GPNC, a novel geographic information routing protocol that adopts partial network coding for efficient forwarding of data packets through reducing retransmissions and network delays and improving data delivery rates.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
