An Effective Channel Access Mechanism for Data Transmission in Heterogeneous Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) function in ISM (Industrial Scientific and Medical) band undergoes unlimited interference problem due to overcrowded sensor nodes and also, it consumes large amount of energy to transmit data. To make an effective use of the spectrum more efficiently Cognitive Radio technology is integrated to Wireless Sensor Networks. The so-called cognitive radio and wireless sensor networks together form a new terminology known as cognitive radio sensor networks, thereby utilizes the spectrum more efficiently by accessing licensed channels. However, in order to support cognitive radio (CR) such as channel discovery, switching and accessing licensed channel in wireless sensor networks makes the task more complex since CRSN utilizes more energy. In pursuance of a solution to the existing, this work has devised a new mechanism by effectively accessing the channel in CRSNs, to improve the energy utilization. Based on the cognitive radio functions and capability, this work has further investigated that when the nodes should shift the channel i.e. from licensed band to ISM band for improving the energy efficiency, in accordance with the packet drop measure of the license-free channel. This work has proposed the effective channel accessing and switching mechanism for data transmission within a cluster and outside cluster in CRSN. The simulation results of the proposed algorithms show that reduction of energy utilization in CRSNs.