An Ectopic External Jugular Vein Draining into the Axillary Vein: a Rare Anatomical Variation with Clinical Implications.

Abstract

The external jugular vein drains a considerable part of the head and neck and constitutes a vessel implicated in various procedures in the cervical region. The aim of this study is to present an uncommon anatomical variation of the external jugular vein, and discuss the clinical implications of its presence. We present a rare case of an ectopic external jugular vein terminating into the axillary vein, that we came across during routine dissection of a male cadaver of Greek origin. The venous system of the external jugular vein is used during procedures for the treatment of various conditions such as cardiac arrhythmias, hydrocephalus and defects of the head and neck. Hence, encountering the unpredictable course of a variant draining into the axillary vein may complicate these interventions, leading to multiple manipulations and undesirable results. Surgeons should be aware of the alternate anatomy of the venous system of the cervical region, and mindful of the possibility of encountering them.