Abstract
Public spending in government programs to control animal and plant diseases, parasites, and other pests that reduce agricultural production amounts to more than $150 million annually [3]. These programs and activities are administered by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), U.S. Department of Agriculture. In recent years, program costs have increased rapidly and USDA officials have been asked many questions by the Congress, the Office of Management and Budget, and others about the need for certain programs. Because of steadily increasing pressure to reduce federal spending, public decision makers urgently need reliable aggregate measures of the performance of their programs.
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