Abstract
With the rapid development of technologies, the ecological control strategies of connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) technologies are gaining more and more attention. In this paper, a rule-based ecological cruise control, called the ecological smart driver model (EcoSDM), is proposed to improve the fuel efficiency of an individual vehicle and the traffic flow. By adjusting the spacing between the leading and the following vehicles, EcoSDM provides smoother deceleration and acceleration than the enhanced intelligent driver model (Enhanced-IDM) and the smart driver model (SDM). The linear stability of EcoSDM is analyzed both theoretically and numerically. The numerical results validate the results of theoretical analysis. Moreover, the simulations results show that EcoSDM outperforms the Enhanced-IDM and SDM in terms of stabilization effect on homogeneous traffic flow. In addition, the calibrated VT-Micro model is used to estimate the fuel consumption of CAVs and manually driven vehicles. The result shows that CAVs have better fuel economy than the human-driven vehicles, which is consistent with existing studies. The EcoSDM outperforms Enhanced-IDM and SDM in terms of fuel consumption. For the EcoSDM-equipped CAVs, the fuel saving benefit is greatest when a CAV is at the front of the platoon.
Highlights
In the United States, the fuel economy of personal vehicles is estimated as 24.9 miles per gallon in 2017 and is projected to be 25.4 mpg in 2018 [1]
ECOLOGICAL SMART DRIVER MODEL Considering the location of connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) in a platoon, a rule-based ecological control strategy, named Ecological Smart Driver Model (EcoSDM) is proposed based on smart driver model (SDM)
WORK In this paper, we proposed the Ecological Smart Driver Model to control CAVs in the mixed traffic stream which considered the location of a CAV relative to other CAVs and manually driven vehicles
Summary
In the United States, the fuel economy of personal vehicles is estimated as 24.9 miles per gallon (mpg) in 2017 and is projected to be 25.4 mpg in 2018 [1]. A rulebased ecological control strategy is developed considering the VOLUME 7, 2019 location of a CAV in a platoon with mixed autonomous and manually driven vehicles. IDM is widely used to simulate manually driven vehicle to investigate the impact of autonomous vehicle on traffic flow stability, fuel consumption and emission in a traffic system with mixed autonomous and manually driven vehicles [12], [35], [36]. ECOLOGICAL SMART DRIVER MODEL Considering the location of CAV in a platoon, a rule-based ecological control strategy, named Ecological Smart Driver Model (EcoSDM) is proposed based on SDM. V0 where, anEcoSDM is the acceleration of the following vehicle that is equipped with EcoSDM (m/s2); and β is an adjust parameter considering the location of CAV in the vehicle set. The CAVs are simulated using EcoSDM, Enhanced-IDM and SDM models
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