An Axisymmetric, Hydrodynamical Model for the Torus Wind in Active Galactic Nuclei. II. X‐Ray–Excited Funnel Flow

Abstract

We have calculated a series of models of outflows from the obscuring torus in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Our modeling assumes that the inner face of a rotationally supported torus is illuminated and heated by the intense X-rays from the inner accretion disk and black hole. As a result of such heating, a strong biconical outflow is observed in our simulations. We calculate three-dimensional hydrodynamical models, assuming axial symmetry and including the effects of X-ray heating, ionization, and radiation pressure. We discuss the behavior of a large family of these models, their velocity fields, mass fluxes, and temperature, as functions of the torus properties and X-ray flux. Synthetic warm- absorber spectra are calculated, assuming pure absorption, for sample models at various inclination angles and observing times. We show that these models have mass fluxes and flow speeds comparable to those inferred from observations of Seyfert 1 warm absorbers, and that they can produce rich absorption-line spectra.