Abstract
In this paper, a reliable automatic optimized method for a digital optical phase conjugation (DOPC) system based on a multipopulation genetic algorithm (MPGA) is proposed for improving the compensation quality of DOPC. The practical implementation and compensation quality of DOPC in focusing through scattering media are greatly limited by imperfect pixel alignment, optical aberration, and mechanical error in the DOPC system. For comprehensively solving the above problems, the concept of global optimization is introduced by Zernike polynomials (Zernike modes) to characterize overall imperfections, and MPGA is used to search for the most optimal Zernike coefficient and compensate for the overall imperfections of the DOPC system. The significant optimization ability of the proposed method is verified in DOPC-related experiments for focusing through scattering media. The peak-to-background ratio (PBR) of the OPC focus increases 174 times that of the initial OPC focus. Furthermore, we evaluated the optimization results of the proposed method with a fitness function of intensity fitness and correlation coefficient fitness in MPGA. The results show that the optimized capability is excellent and more efficiently used than the correlation coefficient fitness function in the Zernike modes.
Highlights
Focusing and imaging through scattering media are of uttermost importance in bioimaging [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]and measurements [9]
We propose an automatic optimized method for a digital optical phase conjugation (DOPC) system based on a multipopulation genetic algorithm
Has been presented to optimize the compensation quality of DOPC. This method improves the compensation quality of DOPC by compensating the overall phase introduced by the problems of pixel alignment, optical aberration, and mechanical error
Summary
Focusing and imaging through scattering media are of uttermost importance in bioimaging [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. Pixel misalignment consists of two parts: pixel misalignment between SLM and CCD, and pixel misalignment between object light and conjugate light on the surface of the scattering medium These problems can result in poor compensation effects in experiments. One direct method to eliminate pixel misalignment is to alter the misalignment parameters ∆x, ∆y, and ∆z (misalignment parameters in the three displacement axes proposed in [32]) are defined as ∆-xyz modes in this paper for simplicity It can greatly solve issues of pixel misalignment but has no significant effect on mechanical errors and optical aberrations that are mainly caused by optical elements, light sources, and surface profiles of SLM. The significant optimization ability of the proposed method is verified in DOPC-related experiments for focusing through scattering media
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