Abstract
An automatic recognition of discontinuities in borehole images is a desirable way to overcome the inefficiency and inconsistency inherent in the conventional method of manual annotation. The rough borehole walls and prominent noise failed the application of existing recognition methods to borehole images taken in the coal-measure strata. This paper presents a novel approach to automatically convert coal-measure strata borehole images into identified discontinuity maps. The developed procedure formed an integrated feature representation for the borehole image through combining the color information of image and the textural features generated from multi-channel filtering. Image regions containing discontinuities are then separated from other regions by implementing fuzzy c-means clustering on the acquired feature representation. The identification of discontinuities is finally accomplished by searching for four predefined patterns (named topographic model) on the intensity transection of image regions. The proposed method is proven to be superior in the respects of noise suppression, discontinuity positioning, and recognition completeness.
Highlights
Coal-measure rock strata are commonly embedded discontinuities such as joints, beddings, fractures and interlayers
This study offers a robust approach to automatically identify the discontinuity of the coal-measure strata, which are paramount for the ground control design and optimization
At the top of each figure, a hand-drawn discontinuity trace map was supplemented as a benchmark for the performance assessment of our proposed method as well as the previous methods
Summary
Coal-measure rock strata are commonly embedded discontinuities such as joints, beddings, fractures and interlayers. This inherent feature endows the rock mass with a variable nature. The spatial geometry and mechanical property of discontinuities is fundamental to reconstruct the structural setting of the rock mass [1], [2]. The feasible in situ observations of rock mass discontinuities include rock core examination and borehole logging and imaging. The rock coring and channeling can disturb the natural structure of the rock strata This leads to an inevitable data loss for discontinuity property hindering the evaluations of orientation, openness, and filling [3], [4].
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