Abstract
BackgroundThough Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is considered to share similar genetic vulnerability with substance addictions, little has been explored about the role of the genetic variants on IGD. This pilot study was designed to investigate the association of the Taq1A polymorphism of the ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (ANKK1) gene and C957T and − 141C of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) with IGD and their role on the personality and temperament traits in IGD among adult population.MethodsSixty-three subjects with IGD and 87 control subjects who regularly played Internet games were recruited. Self-administered questionnaires on self-control, dysfunctional impulsivity, and temperament and character domains were done. The Taq1A ANKK1 and the C957T and − 141C ins/del from the DRD2 genes were genotyped using the specific TaqMan PCR assay.ResultsThe distributions of allele and genotype frequencies were not significantly different between the IGD and control groups in both genders. In male, excessive gaming and use of gaming to escape from a negative feeling were associated with the del− genotype of the − 141C. Among IGD, the del+ genotype was associated with higher novelty seeking. Logistic regression showed no predictive value of these polymorphisms for IGD when using age and gender as covariates.ConclusionsThough no direct association of the Taq1A ANKK1 and C957T DRD2 variants with IGD were observed, the − 141C polymorphism may play a role in IGD via mediating symptoms or temperament traits.
Highlights
Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is conceptualized as a behavioral addiction that excessive preoccupation and loss of control over Internet gaming eventually leads to the functional impairment [1]
As for the TCIRS, the scores of novelty seeking (NS), P, and ST were higher in IGD in independent t tests
Our results suggested that though these polymorphisms had no association with occurrence and the personality and temperament predispositions in adults with IGD, some symptoms of IGD were associated with the − 141C Ins/ Del polymorphism in male population
Summary
Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is conceptualized as a behavioral addiction that excessive preoccupation and loss of control over Internet gaming eventually leads to the functional impairment [1]. The genetic polymorphisms that potentially alter the availability and expression of the dopamine D2 receptor have been known to be associated with both substance and behavioral addictions [12, 13]. Though Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is considered to share similar genetic vulnerability with sub‐ stance addictions, little has been explored about the role of the genetic variants on IGD. This pilot study was designed to investigate the association of the Taq1A polymorphism of the ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (ANKK1) gene and C957T and − 141C of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) with IGD and their role on the personality and temperament traits in IGD among adult population
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