An association of XRCC1 codon 399 polymorphism (RS25487) with bladder and prostate cancer susceptibility in the Ukrainian population

Abstract

BackgroundDNA repair gene variants play an important role in the development of different types of cancer, especially environmentally induced cancer. The X-ray repair cross-complementing 1 (XRCC1) gene is a component of the base excision repair (BER) pathway and is an alternative pathway for DNA double-strand break repair. XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism may alter the repair function of the corresponding protein and contribute to cancer risk. One of the environmental factors influencing cancer occurrence could be radioactive contamination after nuclear accidents. It is important to understand the impact of XRCC1 polymorphism in the Ukrainian population affected by radiation. ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to analyze the association of XRCC1 codon 399 polymorphic variants with bladder cancer and prostate cancer in the Ukrainian population, which has been and is affected by the Chornobyl disaster. Materials and methodsWe determined the allele frequencies for 137 bladder cancer (BC) patients, 111 prostate cancer (PCA) patients and 193 potentially healthy individuals. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP method. ResultsWe observed a significant association between BC and PCA risk and XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism. We found a decreased risk of bladder cancer associated with the Arg/Gln genotype (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.35–0.86, p = .03) and a decreased risk of prostate cancer associated with the Arg/Arg genotype (OR = 0.57, 95 CI: 0.34–0.96, p = .02), while the Gln/Gln genotype was associated with increased risk of developing prostate cancer (OR = 2.46 95% CI: 1.14–5.31 p = .02). ConclusionsOur results indicate that XRCC1 codon 399 polymorphism is a potential factor modifying the risk of bladder and prostate cancer in the Ukrainian population affected by the Chornobyl disaster.