An assessment on the impact of weaning stress on the weaning age in Black Bengal goat kids

Abstract

Weaning is stressful for goat kids, often leading to stunted growth, weight loss, and mortality, with varied weaning times reducing overall productivity and profitability. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal age for weaning of Black Bengal goat (BBG) kids and evaluate the impact of weaning stress on their post weaning performances. A trial was conducted comprising four groups of eight kids each, accompanied by four lactating does, weaned at intervals of 45, 60, 75, and 90 days (designated as A, B, C, and D, respectively), and reared up to six months of age. Heart rate measurements and blood samples were taken three days before (-3), during (0), and three days after (+3) individual weaning schedules. Furthermore, dry matter intake, daily weight gain, weaning weight, 06 months weight, disease incidence, and kid mortality were also recorded. The serum concentration of triiodothyronine(T3) hormone declined significantly (p<0.05) at +3 days after weaning than - 3 days before weaning in group A, B and C while an increase was observed in group D. The average cortisol level was significantly (p< 0.05) lower in group D than other groups. Post weaning performances, including weaning weight, 06 months weight, daily weight gain and kid mortality also differ significantly (p<0.05), group D demonstrating superior performance compared to group A, B and C. The findings revealed that, kids weaned at 75 to 90 days experienced less stress, performed better, and had fewer health issues.