Abstract
This paper proposes an architecture for biometric electronic identification document (e-ID) system based on Blockchain for citizens identity verification in transactions corresponding to the notary, registration, tax declaration and payment, basic health services and registration of economic activities, among others. To validate the user authentication, a biometric e-ID system is used to avoid spoofing and related attacks. Also, to validate the document a digital certificate is used with the corresponding public and private key for each citizen by using a user’s PIN. The proposed transaction validation process was implemented on a Blockchain system in order to record and verify the transactions made by all citizens registered in the electoral census, which guarantees security, integrity, scalability, traceability, and no-ambiguity. Additionally, a Blockchain network architecture is presented in a distributed and decentralized way including all the nodes of the network, database and government entities such as national register and notary offices. The results of the application of a new consensus algorithm to our Blockchain network are also presented showing mining time, memory and CPU usage when the number of transactions scales up.
Highlights
Nowadays the high penetration of information and communication technologies (ICT) in our daily lives has led to a new paradigm of how people should live in modern societies
We argue that blockchain technology (BCT) currently represents a great opportunity to provide solutions to several public problems, in particular, those related to corruption
Work We presented an analysis of private BCT architecture to achieve power and transaction efficiency in most general government services, where the security cannot be compromised
Summary
Nowadays the high penetration of information and communication technologies (ICT) in our daily lives has led to a new paradigm of how people should live in modern societies. Due to the current advance of technology, a novel concept of Electronic Identity Document (e-ID) has appeared, which mainly consists in generating the same ID in a smart card where the data of the carrier can be stored digitally including new features such as facial and fingerprint information for recognition, in addition, it includes more complex security measures by means of encryption of personal information giving access to online services for citizens [4]. In the context of the ID, user authentication is the process to verify and validate the relationship between the document and its owner This process is based on the concept of strong authentication defined on three factors: something the person has (a card), something the person knows (a PIN) and something the person is or does (its fingerprint or signature) [6]. The combination of those factors generates a more secure or strong authentication for the identification of the person itself
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