Abstract
Tuberaria lignosa (Sweet) Samp. is found in European regions, and has antioxidant properties due to its composition in ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds. Given its traditional use and antioxidant properties, the tumor cell growth inhibitory potential of aqueous extracts from T. lignosa (prepared by infusion and decoction) was investigated in three human tumor cell lines: MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung cancer), and HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma). Both extracts inhibited the growth of these cell lines; the most potent one being the T. lignosa extract obtained by infusion in the NCI-H460 cells (GI50 of approximately 50 μg/mL). Further assays were carried out with this extract in NCI-H460 cells. At 100 μg/mL or 150 μg/mL it caused an increase in the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase and a decrease of cells in S phase of the cell cycle. Additionally, these concentrations caused an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells. In agreement, a decrease in total poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and pro-caspase 3 levels was found. In conclusion, the T. lignosa extract obtained by infusion was more potent in NCI-H460 cells, altering the cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis. This work highlights the importance of T. lignosa as a source of bioactive compounds with tumor cell growth inhibitory potential.
Highlights
Herbal drugs have been extensively used for the treatment of several diseases all over the world [1,2,3]
The results showed that T. lignosa extract obtained by infusion was the most potent extract in the MCF-7 and in the NCI-H460 cells (Table 1)
This study has further investigated the effect of the infusion extract of T. lignosa on cell cycle and apoptosis
Summary
Herbal drugs have been extensively used for the treatment of several diseases all over the world [1,2,3]. (Rockrose like species) is a plant found in the west and south part of Europe and is mostly present in the Iberian Peninsula, where it is known as “alcária” or “erva loba” [12,13] This plant has been used in traditional medicine to treat several diseases, such as gastrointestinal disorders, viral infections, and skin infections, among others [12,13]. The freeze-dried samples proved to have higher antioxidant activity than the other samples and even higher than trolox, the positive control used in the referred study [12] Both infusion and decoction samples from T. lignosa have bioactive molecules, such as phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid, which can explain their antioxidant activity [12,13,14,15]
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