An Approach to the Influence of Fluid Viscosity and the Cutting Parameters in Turning a Carbon Steel using Surface Methodology

Abstract

This experimental study focuses on the effect of viscosity on the surface condition of machined part during turning. The tests are carried out on C45 steel, using metal carbide cutting tools. The objective is to optimize the cutting parameters as well as the analysis of the surface roughness (Ra), using the surface response method, which allows to present the mathematical models of the roughness. The effect of the interactions on the roughness criterion was studied using a statistical analysis based on analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results recorded show that the cutting speed has the most significant effect on the surface condition. This optimization deduces that the best surface roughness of the non-alloy steel parts C45 is obtained when the cutting speed is 286 m / min, the feed rate is 0,15 mm / rev, the viscosity is 22,5 Pas and the depth of cut is 1,1 mm.