Abstract
Clustered routing protocols with static sink suffer from energy hole problem. Sensor nodes (SNs) closer to the sink node work as a conveyer for faraway nodes, and these nodes deplete their energy very fast which causes an energy hole in the network. Using the mobility of the sink node is one of the best approaches to eradicate energy hole problem and to improve the lifetime of the network in wireless sensor networks. A framework which uses mobile sink concept with 4- or 8-sojourn-location path patterns in addition to one centralized static sink has been proposed to maximize the lifetime of the network by diverting a load of SN to nearby static or mobile sink. Furthermore, the performance of the presented framework has been compared with both homogeneous and heterogeneous network protocols named as LEACH-C and DEEC, respectively. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed framework of sink mobility is much energy efficient and improves the network’s lifetime as compared to LEACH-C and DEEC.
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