Abstract
Abstract A methodology is outlined whereby surface solution in a horizontally–bedded, homogeneous limestone can be modelled if the dominant fracture zones, and the ratio between the rate of vertical and horizontal solution [(δv/δh)KE] is known. The ratio (δv/δh)KE is climate and bedrock dependent; the most important climatic variable may be the frequency of intense rainfall, the most important bedrock property its mechanical strength. It is apparent from published data that mean (δv/δh)KE values in doline areas may be lower than in cockpit areas. The modelling procedure assumes that doline karst develops when (δv/δh)KE is less than 0.002 to 0.39 and cockpit karst when (δv/δh)KE is 0.40 to more than 0.70. Landscape models have been generated depicting the stage in karst development when closed depressions have just coalesced; these closely resemble some present–day doline and cockpit karst terrains.
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