Abstract
Hard exudates are one of the most characteristic and dangerous signs of diabetic retinopathy. They can be marked during the routine ophthalmological examination and seen in color fundus photographs (i.e., using a fundus camera). The purpose of this paper is to introduce an algorithm that can extract pathological changes (i.e., hard exudates) in diabetic retinopathy. This was a retrospective, nonrandomized study. A total of 100 photos were included in the analysis—50 sick and 50 normal eyes. Small lesions in diabetic retinopathy could be automatically diagnosed by the system with an accuracy of 98%. During the experiments, the authors used classical image processing methods such as binarization or median filtration, and data was read from the d-Eye sensor. Sixty-seven patients (39 females and 28 males with ages ranging between 50 and 64) were examined. The results have shown that the proposed solution accuracy level equals 98%. Moreover, the algorithm returns correct classification decisions for high quality images and low quality samples. Furthermore, we consider taking retina photos using mobile phones rather than fundus cameras, which is more practical. The paper presents an innovative approach. The results are introduced and the algorithm is described.
Highlights
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the commonest reasons for blind registration in the world.Four hundred million people in the world have diabetes, and this number is expected to rise by 2035. 80% of people have retinopathy after 20 years of having the disease [1,2]
Diabetes is the main cause of the hard exudates but they may be caused by retinal vein occlusion, neuroretinitis, or radiation-induced retinal vasculopathy
Our approach is based on novel d-Eye sensor and fully-automated image processing system for pathological change detection in retina color images
Summary
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the commonest reasons for blind registration in the world.Four hundred million people in the world have diabetes, and this number is expected to rise by 2035. 80% of people have retinopathy after 20 years of having the disease [1,2]. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the commonest reasons for blind registration in the world. 80% of people have retinopathy after 20 years of having the disease [1,2]. It is still a challenge for ophthalmologists, as diabetic retinopathy should be diagnosed before it is symptomatic. Development of microaneurysms (widening of the retinal vessels) in the capillary network allows plasma and lipids to leak out from the vessels into retina [1]. Diabetes is the main cause of the hard exudates but they may be caused by retinal vein occlusion, neuroretinitis, or radiation-induced retinal vasculopathy
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