Abstract
The lessons learned from each Traffic Collision (TC) will help safety practitioners to avoid similar occurrences in the future. However, few studies and methods have focused specifically on the similar features among different collisions. Thus, the development of a measurement method for investigating the best evidence on the causal factors of TCs was warranted. In this study, a similarity analysis method based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Similarity (S) theory, the AHP-S method, was constructed. This method was designed to identify the similar elements and similar units of collision scenes according to the analysis criteria and sub-criteria and further to calculate the degree of similarity between recognized similar pairs among TCs. Six TC cases were randomly selected as examples, and the degrees of similarity between cases 1 to 5 and case 6 were calculated separately. The calculation results showed that out of the five collision cases (cases 1–5), case 1 provided the best evidence for analysing the causal factors of case 6. This study promotes the development of quantitative analysis methods for collision incidents and provides an effective evidence-based method for TC avoidance.
Highlights
Traffic Collision (TC) are a global problem and primary concern in the 21st century
A similarity analysis method based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Similarity (S) theory, the AHP-S method, was constructed
We developed a similarity analysis method (i.e., AHP-S method) for investigating the best evidence on the causal factors of TCs
Summary
TCs are a global problem and primary concern in the 21st century. The number of fatalities resulting from TCs is 1.25 million per year (Pérez et al 2019). In Europe, 26009 people were killed as a result of TCs in 2013 in the 28 EU countries (Chen et al 2016). Road safety is an issue that needs to be solved urgently in China, where 57277 people were killed in TCs in 2012 (Chen et al 2015; Zhao, Deng 2015). Safety countermeasures based on information sources related to such incidents should be taken to decrease the number of traffic fatalities and injuries. Causal analysis is one of the basic ways to study TCs and to discover the weaknesses of traffic safety measures. Under the circumstances, understanding the various factors that cause TCs is crucial
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