Abstract

The OPF difficulties are characterized by the presence of four distinct objective functionswhich are: active powerlosses,fuel operating costs and voltage variations. The volatile and variable nature of distributed generator (DG) sources contributes to the convolutionof the optimum power flow (OPF) issue. This paperemployed bat algorithms to tackle the issue of optimumpower flow (OPF)and PSO algorithm to optimal allocation of DG. The goal was to enhance the effectiveness of energy use, environmental sustainability, and cost efficiency of the electricity grid. The test cases include a wide range of scenarios, including the existence of Distributed Generation (DG), different locations of DG within the network, various kinds of load expansion, and occasional breakdowns of transmission lines. These possibilities are considered in order to address the problem presented by the suggested solution OPF. The incidents are assessed utilizing bus systems, such as the 30 bus systemin MATLAB.

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